被形成的「違占戶」―― 基隆貴美 雜貨店：國土活化政策如何侵犯底 層人民的居住權？

作者：何燕堂（中國人民大學社會與人口學院博士生、基隆市雞籠草根文教協會理事長）

摘要：

位於基隆港西岸16號碼頭附近的貴美雜貨店，世居該地近70年。1997年起， 交通部基隆港務局就開始與貴美雜貨店簽訂租賃契約；但2006 年時，港務局 卻在未告知理由的情況下，突然片面停止租約。貴美雜貨店多次主動要求續 約，卻沒有得到回應。2012 年，貴美雜貨店收到交通部基隆港務局向她們提 請拆屋還地，及返還不當得利之民事訴訟。一夕之間，世居該地60 多年的貴 美一家人突然成了國家的被告，指控她們為國有土地之「違占戶」。本文即以 貴美雜貨店為個案，探討當前只重績效，漠視居住權的不當國土活化政策，如 何忽視原居民的居住歷史脈絡，以法律手段將原居民形成為「違占戶」，侵犯 底層人民居住權的過程及缺失。

關鍵字

貴美雜貨店、居住權、違占戶、國土活化政策、反迫遷

How A National Land Revitalization Policy Infringes upon the Grassroots Right to Housing - A Case Study of the Kueimei Grocery Store in Keelung

Author：Yen-Tang Ho（Doctoral Student, The School of Sociology and Population Studies, Renmin University of China President, Keelung City Grassroots Culture and Education Association）

Abstract：

Kueimei Grocery Store, located near Pier No. 16 on the west end of Keelung Port, has been situated there for nearly 70 years. In 1997, the Port and Marine Bureau, Ministry of Transportation and Communications, signed a lease with the Store. However, in 2006, the Port and Marine Bureau unilaterally ended the lease without giving any explanation. Kueimei Grocery Store asked to renew the lease several times but there was no response. In 2002, Kueimei Grocery Store was served with a civil action whereby the Port and Marine Bureau petitioned the court to demolish the building and return the land to the Port, and asked the Kueimei family to return all benefits, deemed unjust, they gained from occupying the land. The Kueimei family who has been living there for more than 60 years was turned into a defendant overnight by the government, accused of illegally occupying national land. In this article, the case of the Kueimei Grocery Store is studied to discuss how improper national land revitalization policy, focusing on performance only and neglecting the people’s right to housing, has turned long-time residents into illegal occupants by means of legal procedures and at the same time disregarded the history of the residents. This is an infringement on the grassroots right to housing.

Keywords

Kueimei Grocery Store, Right to housing, illegal occupants, national land revitalization policy, anti-forced eviction

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