作為人類，在任何地方––––台灣的難民個案及相關機制

作者：邱伊翎（台灣人權促進會秘書長）

摘要：

台灣的《難民法》草案，在民進黨第一次執政時，即已將法案送進立法 院，國民黨執政時也重新送過草案，至今十多年，仍無法通過立法。此法遲 遲無法通過，仍然跟「中國因素」有極大關係。目前，因為還有《兩岸人民關 係條例》存在，就算是《難民法》通過，也不會直接適用在中國尋求庇護者身 上。「不遣返原則」作為國際法上的「強行法」，加上《兩公約施行法》在台 灣也已經通過近十年，台灣卻遲遲未能建立起一套關於「不遣返原則」的審查 及保護機制。台灣一面宣稱希望加入國際社會，一面又將自己於國際人權標準及國際社會長期共同合作的議題之外，展現出自相矛盾的狀態。

關鍵字
難民、尋求庇護者、不遣返原則、兩公約、國際法、台灣

Wheresoever I am, I am a Human Being: Refugees in Taiwan: Individuals and Institutional Policies

Author：E-ling Chiu（Secretary General, Taiwan Association for Human Rights）

Abstract：

A draft Refugee Act was sent to the Legislative Yuan during the DPP’s first term in office. The KMT re-sent the draft when it was in power. More than a decade later, it has still not been passed. The main reason of the delay is the China factor. Regulations governing the relationship of China and Taiwan mean that, even if the Refugee Act is passed, it will not be directly applicable to Chinese asylum seekers.
An implementation Act for the ICCPR and ICESCR was passed by the Legislature nearly a decade ago. Moreover, the principle of non-refoulement is a peremptory norm of international law. However, there is still no legal provision for non-refoulement in Taiwan. It is ironic that Taiwan keeps saying that it wants to join the international community, but it continues to fail to comply with international human rights standards in cooperation on refugees and other human rights issues.
Keywords
refugee, asylum seeker, non-refoulement, covenants, international law, Taiwan

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