在自己的土地流離失所：拉瓦克部落的都市求生記
作者：林彤 （台灣人權促進會南部辦公室主任）
摘要：
本文主要描述高雄市前鎮區的都市原住民部落――「拉瓦克部落」從1950 年代至今所面臨的情況。拉瓦克部落是在台灣工業發展期間，因現代
化、都市化而形成的都市原住民部落，主要由屏東的瑪家、泰武、三地門地區的排灣族族人組成，在都市中保有完整的排灣族語言及文化。
雖然拉瓦克部落有水電、門牌號碼，且須繳納房屋稅，但在法規上仍被認定為違章建築，且佔用市有／國有地，從1990 年代起被高雄市政府要求拆除，引起部落族人長達廿多年的抗爭，捍衛原住民族傳統文化與居住權。本文試著記述抗爭過程、2018 年起的行政訴訟，並簡要分析拉瓦克部落與高雄市政府多次協商失敗的原因。
拉瓦克部落是典型的「非正規住居」（informal settlement），透過認識拉瓦克部落的抗爭歷程，希望可開展非正規住居在國家法律框架下，保障居住權的可能性。
關鍵字
拉瓦克部落、都市原住民、居住權、非正規住居
The Struggle for Housing Rights in Ljavek
Author：Tung Lin (Director of Southern Office at Taiwan Association for Human Rights)
Abstract：
This article describes the situation faced by the urban indigenous community of Ljavek in the Qianzhen District of Kaohsiung City from the 1950s to the present day. Ljavek is an urban indigenous community that emerged during the industrial development of Taiwan due to modernization and urbanization. It is mainly composed of Paiwan people from the Majia, Taiwu, and Sandimen areas of Pingtung, and has preserved the Paiwan language and culture in the urban context.
Although Ljavek has access to water and electricity, and has a house number and is required to pay property tax, it is still considered an illegal
construction according to regulations and occupies state-owned land. Since the 1990s, the Kaohsiung City government has requested its demolition, which has led to more than two decades of resistance by the community to defend their traditional indigenous culture and right to housing. This article attempts to describe the process of resistance and the administrative lawsuit filed in 2018. It briefly analyzes the reasons for the repeated failure of negotiations between Ljavek and the Kaohsiung City government.
Keywords
Ljavek, urban indigenous people, right to housing, informal settlements